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Titanium alloy element classification
The alloying element titanium has two kinds of heterogeneous crystals: below 882 ℃ is close-packed hexagonal structure α titanium, above 882 ℃ is body-centered cubic β titanium.
According to their influence on the phase transition temperature
Alloying elements can be divided into three categories according to their influence on the phase transition temperature:
①The elements that stabilize the α phase and increase the phase transition temperature are α stable elements, including aluminum, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Among them, aluminum is the main alloy element of titanium alloy, which has a significant effect on improving the normal temperature and high temperature strength of the alloy, reducing the specific gravity, and increasing the elastic modulus. ②The element that stabilizes the β phase and lowers the phase transition temperature is the β stable element, and can be divided into two types: isomorphic and eutectoid. The former has molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, etc .; the latter has chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon, etc.
③The elements that have little effect on the phase transition temperature are neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin.
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen are the main impurities of titanium alloys. Oxygen and nitrogen have greater solubility in the α phase, which has a significant strengthening effect on titanium alloys, but reduces the plasticity. Generally, the content of oxygen and nitrogen in titanium is 0.15 to 0.2% and 0.04 to 0.05%, respectively. The solubility of hydrogen in the α phase is very small. Too much hydrogen dissolved in the titanium alloy will produce hydride and make the alloy brittle. Usually the hydrogen content in titanium alloy is controlled below 0.015%. The dissolution of hydrogen in titanium is reversible and can be removed by vacuum annealing.
According to the composition of the phase
Titanium alloys can be divided into three categories according to the phase composition: α alloys, (α + β) alloys and β alloys. China is represented by TA, TC and TB respectively.
① The alpha alloy contains a certain amount of elements that stabilize the alpha phase, and is mainly composed of the alpha phase in equilibrium. Alpha alloy has a small specific gravity, good thermal strength, good weldability and excellent corrosion resistance. The disadvantage is that the room temperature strength is low, and it is usually used as a heat-resistant material and a corrosion-resistant material. Alpha alloys are usually divided into full alpha alloys (TA7), near alpha alloys (Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V) and alpha alloys (Ti-2.5Cu) with a small amount of compounds. ② The (α + β) alloy contains a certain amount of elements that stabilize the α and β phases, and the structure of the alloy in the equilibrium state is the α and β phases. (α + β) alloy has medium strength and can be strengthened by heat treatment, but the welding performance is poor. (α + β) alloys are widely used, and the output of Ti-6Al-4V alloy accounts for more than half of all titanium materials.
③ β alloy contains a large amount of elements that stabilize β phase, which can keep all high temperature β phase to room temperature. Beta alloys can generally be divided into heat treatable beta alloys (meta-stable beta alloys and near meta-stable beta alloys) and thermally stable beta alloys. Heat treatable β alloy has excellent plasticity in the quenched state, and can achieve the tensile strength of 130 ~ 140kgf / mm2 through aging treatment. Beta alloys are generally used as high-strength and high-toughness materials. The disadvantages are large specific gravity, high cost, poor welding performance, and difficult machining.
Item Name | astm b338 gr2 harga pipa seamless pipe titanium tube price per kg |
Material | pure titanium and titanium alloy |
Standard | ASTM B337, ASTM B338. ASTM B861, ASTM B862 |
Grade | GR1, GR2, GR5(Ti-6Al-4V), GR7, GR9, GR12 |
Shape | titanium round tube/pipe, titanium square ube/pipe,titanium rectangle tube/pipe, titanium coil tube |
Type | Seamless, Welded |
- Chemical Composition: of titanium tube/pipe
Grade | Chemical Composition (<%) | ||||||||
Ti | Al | V | Fe | C | N | H | O | Other max | |
Gr1 | Blance | — | — | 0.2 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.4 |
Gr2 | Blance | — | — | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.4 |
Gr3 | Blance | — | — | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.4 |
Gr4 | Blance | — | — | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Gr5 | Blance | 5.5-6.75 | 3.5-4.5 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
Gr7 | Blance | — | — | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.4 |
Gr9 | Blance | 2.5-3.5 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.4 |
Gr12 | Blance | — | — | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.4 |